22 Şubat 2011 Salı

Qu'est-ce que le sophiste? Σοφιστής τί ἐστιν; Was ist ein Sophist? What is a Sophist? Sophistes nedir?...


What the Sophist knows (epistasthai) according to Platon is "producing opinions" (doksa). But he nonetheless claims to know everything in order to be able to dispute (elenkhos) about anything.
He is an anti-logikos, i.e. he brings about doksas against other peoples doksas. He knows how to make doksas about those things he has no knowledge (episteme) of. This is his art (tekhne).  "The genos of Sophistes is thaumatopoios (θαυματοποιός = wonder-working)." 
(Platon, Sophistes 235 b-c)
At a first glance a Sophist might seem similar to a Philosopher, but so does a wolf to a dog. Similarities are dangerous and "slippery". Let us quote not the original but the translation of what Platon has to say:
But the cautious man must be especially on his guard in the matter of resemblances (peri tas homoiotetas), for they are very slippery things. (Platon, Sophistes 231 a-b)

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